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This unit explains the different rules and structures of the future tenses.
1. The future simple, who can be used for facts (I’ll be 20 years old in July), predictions without present evidence (It will be sunny and warm tomorrow) or threats (If you don’t behave, you won’t get dessert) for example. Its structure is for the affirmative form: subject + will + base form of the verb (I will begin my master’s degree in September), the question form: will + subject + verb (Will you go on vacation next break?), and the negative form: subject + will + not + verb (they will not go to the concert next week). Some activities that could be done are: fortune telling or predictions (in x years, I’ll be ...).
2. The future continuous, used for planned events (He will be going on vacation next month), predict the present (She’ll be sleeping by now), or asking politely the opinion of someone without interfering (Will you be going to the restaurant with us?). The structure of the affirmative form is: subject + will + ‘to be’ + verb in present participle form (They will be attending the ceremony), the question form: will + subject + be + verb in -ing (Will we be working on it next week?), and the negative form: subject + will + not + be + verb in -ing (It won’t be raining again this weekend). Exercises including arranging dates or getting out of one could be done during the activate stage of a lesson.
3. The future perfect is used to refer to future actions with a past perspective (By the end of the year, I’ll have lost 10 kilograms). The affirmative form is: subject + will + auxiliary verb ‘to have’ + past participle (She’ll have past her exams), the question from: will + subject + have + past participle (Will he have done it by tomorrow?), the negative form: subject + will + not + have + past participle (They probably won’t have started, before we arrive). An activity for the activate phase is: future careers and life (what will you have done by x years?).
4. The future perfect continuous is used to state how long a certain thing will have been going on in a future point of view (He’ll have been painting for three hours when we’ll arrive). The affirmative from is: subject + will + have + been + verb in -ing (She’ll have been doing her homework for a while), the question form: will + subject + have + been + verb in -ing (Will they have been going to the park?), and the negative form: subject + will + not + have + been + verb in -ing (I won’t have been going to the movies). Something that could be done during an activate stage of a lesson Is story telling (How long have you been [...] by x time?).
5. The future can also be expressed through: be going future (‘to be’ + infinitive; I am going to the dentist), or with the present simple (The train leaves in 5 minutes) or the present continuous (They’re going to Thailand next winter).
