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Pronunciation and phonology were discussed in this lesson. After reviewing this lesson, it is easily understood why teachers and students find pronunciation an extremely difficult part of learning a new language. Phonology refers to the sounds of an entire language. It is composed of stress, rhythm, and intonation. Intonation describes volume and pitch of a sentence. This helps the listener decipher whether a response is expected or if the speaker is finished speaking. It can also indicate the message a speaker is intending to get across to the listener, which can be an expression of feelings. Stress displays the speaker's emphasized word and connotes a meaning depending on which word of a sentence is emphasized. Most words in a sentence are unstressed. Therefore, listening to the stressed word can indicate the speaker's intention for saying the sentence. Furthermore, if the phonetic alphabet is understood, it can aid in pronunciation of a word. It is important for a teacher to understand the phonetic alphabet in order to help the students learn the language. When enunciating a word, many parts of the human body affect the way it is said, such as the tongue, larynx, glottis, hard and soft palates, and alveolar ridge. Each sound uses these different parts of the body, known as the place of articulation. The sound created can be categorized based on the placement of the tongue, lips, etc. When teaching students about pronunciation, it is important to speak slowly and visually show your mouth moving. However, ending with correct enunciation of the word is imperative for comprehension purposes.
