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MODALS, PHRASAL VERBS, AND PASSIVE VOICE
Modal auxiliary verbs are used before other verbs to add meaning to the main verb. They can also be used to express a number of different ideas such as obligation, possibility/probability, and permission or prohibition. they include words such as may, can, shall, should, must, could, will, ought to, have to, needn't etc.
Phrasal verbs are words that consist of a verb plus one or two particles. The three different types of phrasal verbs are;
a. intransitive phrasal verbs - these are phrasal verbs that cannot be followed by an object.
b. transitive separable.
c. transitive inseparable.
Passive voice - in the passive voice, the object of an active verb becomes the subject of the passive.
Form: auxiliary verb 'be' + past participle.
Usage - the passive voice is most frequently used when it is not known, not important or we don't want to say who the doer of an action is.
Relative clauses - a clause is a group of words that generally consist of a subject and a verb. the three categories of a clause are:
a. independent clause - these can stand alone as a sentence.
b. dependent clause - these cannot stand alone.
c. relative clause - these are dependent clauses that modify a noun.
