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In this unit, I learned that there are four basic skills in a language; receptive skills i.e. reading and listening, and productive skills i.e. speaking and writing. During listening and reading, the language learners are at the receiving end, i.e. receiving the language and interpret from the information received. All of these skills are equally important. Reading and listening are divided into two main categories. First one is purposeful reading or listening, in which we need to achieve some goal from the information received. It could be reading a washing manual or listening to some kind of instructions. Reading a favorite book for the entertainment or pleasure comes in the second category as we are not concentrating on some kind of task or aim. It is important to note that the main difference between listening and reading is that spoken word is gone when it's spoken. It's is easier to read the given text going back again and again to extract the desired information, but it's not possible to re-listen the spoken word. Understanding the meaning of the written or spoken text also depends upon the students' pre-existing knowledge of the world. American accent or British Accent may be difficult to understand for the language learners in the beginning therefore the more language they are exposed to, the more they will learn. Careful selection of the text, teaching them some difficult words or language/structure before giving them reading/ listening task, wide variety of topics over a period of time, will help them stay acquire receptive skills effectively and engage phase activities will help them stay motivated and engaged in their tasks. For example, before giving them a reading comprehension or listening activity, it would be better to engage them in a casual discussion about the topic, teaching them difficult vocabulary will help them easily understand the written or spoken words and their pronunciation. Choosing reading/listening material which interests the students will be better idea to engage them in the activity effectively.
