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There are many ways of teaching a foreign language. One of them is “Grammar-translation”. The basic principle of this system is finding equivalents in the students’ own language and the foreign language being learned. It’s a system of translation. Another way is “Audio-lingualism”. It concentrates on long repetition drills. Next one is “Presentation, practice, and production” –PPP presents context and situation for the language and demonstrates the meaning and form of a new language. “Task-based learning” focuses on a task than the language.
Among the ways of teaching a foreign language are.
• Communicative language teaching- CLT
• Communicative language learning- CLL
• The silent way
• Suggestopaedia
• The lexical approach
• Engage, study and activate-ESA
ESA is the most effective of all the methodologies for new teachers.
It consists of three stages:
1. Engage – This is the sequence in the lesson where the teacher will try to arouse the students’ interest and get them to involve in the lesson. This is considered to be a “warmer”.
There are many activities how to engage students. For example:
• partner information share
• memory games
• alphabet relay
• fizz-buzz
• anagrams, etc.
2. Study – In this stage students will focus on the language and how it is constructed. It can be done with the help of different activities.
• tongue twisters
• hangman
• work searches
• gap fill
3. Activate – This is the stage where the students are encouraged to use all the language they know. The focus is more on fluency than accuracy.
Activities of this stage are:
• role-play
• mill-drills and survey
• communication games
• debate
• story building
