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Past tenses
There are four past tenses. We need to use past tense to describe most of our personal experiences, as well as things that have happened to other people.
Simple past - means adding ed to the end of the word. However, like simple present tense, there are a lot of irregular verbs with different past tense forms.
Uses:
Actions completed in the past:
E.g. The teachers conducted a test. They thought the test would improve students' understanding of course material.
Past Continuous
Form: THe past form of "to be" (was, were) + verb + ing
Use 1:
Describing a past action that has not been completed.
E.g. At 12pm, I was still working on my homework.
Use 2: Describing a past action that was interrupted by another action.
E.g. I was trying to study when I heard a knock on the door.
Use 3: When describing two past events that took place at the same time, this tense is used to describe the longer of the two events.
E.g. She burned herself while she was cooking dinner.
Use 4: Describing a past action that took place in a specific time period and may have continued afterward.
E.g. Many students were feeling depressed in February.
Past Perfect
Form: had + past form of a verb
Use 1: When describing a series of actions, use past perfect to describe the action that happened first.
E.g. I had gone home; then I read a book and fell asleep.
Use 2: When you are describing two past actions that take place at the same time, you can use past perfect tense to describe the shorter action. The longer action can be described usinf simple past tense or past continuous tense.
E.g Polo had contacted Chinese merchants and leaders while he traveled the world.
Use 3: Describing a past action that was finished in a specific time period:
E.g The science team had conducted research as recently as last month.
Past Perfect Continuous
Form: had + been + verb + ing
Uses: Describing an action that began further in the past than other actions, but overlaps with actions that began later.
E.g. I had been eating dinner when I thought about what I would do on the weekend.
Use 2: Describing a past action that was interrupted or stopped by another action.
E.g. He had been driving in his car for more than two hours, but then he stopped to rest.
Use 3: Describing an action that caused a later action.
E.g. HIs muscles had become large, because he had been lifting weights.
