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In teaching a new language there are four things the students need to do; be exposed to it, understand it’s meaning, understand how it is constructed and be able to practice and produced it. Grammar is the tree trunk and branches of a language while vocabulary and functions are the leaves that add beauty and variety. Therefore we have to make sure that students are introduced to the new language in a balanced way.
In this unit the different ESA methods are useful in teaching vocabulary, introducing grammatical structures and teaching language fuctions.
In teaching the vocabulary we must consider that how easy or difficult a vocabulary item is will depend on a number of factors: 1st is the similarity to the students native language,2nd spelling and pronunciation,3rd similarity to English words already known and lastly the appropriacy. On selecting vocabulary the following criteria can be used: appropriacy to the student, appropriacy to the task, teach ability, frequency and coverage. Lastly we must also know what do students need to know about a vocabulary item, which Is: the meaning ,use, word grammar, interactions, spelling and pronunciation.
Language also consists of functions. It includes areas such as inviting, refusing, suggesting,agreeing and disagreeing, etc. it alas includes the appropriacy of the language in terms of the kind of language they use-formal, technical, tentative,etc.
Grammatical structure instead are determined mostly by the level of the class and the syllabus we are using. However, the students will need to know what the language means, how it is used, what the grammatical form is and how it is said/written.
