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In this unit, the past tense was covered which includes past simple, past continuous, past perfect, and past perfect continuous. Primarily, past simple is formed by adding -ed or -d to the base form of the verb, by adding din not or didn’t before the base form or by adding did before the base form. There are a variety of irregulars in the past simple tense that unfortunately students will have to memorize, since they do not follow a pattern or rule. The usage of past simple is for past actions with a given time, or without that clearly took place in the past. An example for teaching in the activate stage is to match paris in the present tense to the past, such as go and went. The next tense is past continuous which is used to describe past actions that were interrupted. With this tense, it is important to use some form of time reference in order for listeners to understand the sentence. In the activate stage, the teacher can use the detective game, diaries and journals, or telling stories. The past perfect tense is formed by the use of the verb ‘had’ or ‘had not’ and a past participle. The usage of the tense is to identify actions that have occurred before other actions in the past, which is referred to as ‘the past in the past.’ Another way to identify when the past perfect is being used is by looking for words like when and after in the sentence. Lastly, past perfect continuous is used when the speaker is talking about actions in the past that had been going on continuously up to a past moment. It is important to note that a typical mistake in this tense would be to omit either ‘had’ or ‘been’ from the sentence.
