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This unit discusses the four aspects of past tense verbs. What makes this unit easier is that the forms of past continuous, past perfect and past perfect continuous follow similar rules to those of their present tense equivalents.
A) Past Simple
Forms:
Affirmative: add -d or -ed to the base form of the verb (I surfed today.)
Negative: add 'did not' before the base form of the verb (I didn't surf today.)
Question: add 'did' + subject + base form of the verb (Did you surf today?:
Usage:
-to show/describe actions completed at a definite time in the past
-when a time is given for a past action
-when the action took place at.a definite time, even though the time is not mentioned
-the time becomes definite as a result of 'Question & Answer' in present perfect.
B) Past Continuous
Forms:
Affirmative: subject + was/were + verb+ing. (They were swimming earlier.)
Negative: subject + was/were + verb+ing. (The weren't swimming earlier.)
Question: was/were + subject + verb+ing (Were they swimming earlier?)
Usage:
-interrupted past actions
-expressed an action before that time, but probably continued after it
-descriptions
-used without time expression, sometimes indicating a gradual development
C) Past Perfect
Forms:
Affirmative: subject + had + past participle (They had gone to the party.)
Negative: subject + had + not + past participle (They had not gone to the party.)
Question: had + subject + past participle. (Had they gone to the party?)
Usage: to talk about longer actions or situations in the past that had been going on continuously up to the past moment we are talking/thinking about.
This is a brief summation of the grammar point addressed in this unit.
